利用 Python 结合 UI 来模拟实现多人聊天

一、界面功能展示

1、设置一个通信  用户1

 2、设置通信  用户2

 3、进入聊天功能界面

 

 4、发送信息来实现实时通信 

二、代码实现

1、服务器端

（服务器需要能够与客户机进行直接通信，客户机之间不需要能够通信）

      服务器需要配置监听的IP = '0.0.0.0' 表示所有 port= '端口随意但是要与客户端配置的端口相同'

import socket
import threading

def handle_client(client_socket, clients):
    while True:
        try:
            data = client_socket.recv(1024)
            if not data:
                break
            for client in clients:
                if client != client_socket:
                    client.send(data)
        except:
            break
    client_socket.close()

def main():
    host = '0.0.0.0'
    port = 1996

    server = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
    server.bind((host, port))
    server.listen(5)

    print(f"[*] Listening on {host}:{port}")

    clients = []

    while True:
        client_socket, addr = server.accept()
        print(f"[*] Accepted connection from {addr[0]}:{addr[1]}")
        clients.append(client_socket)
        client_handler = threading.Thread(target=handle_client, args=(client_socket, clients))
        client_handler.start()

if __name__ == "__main__":
    main()

2、客户端

①localhost是在本地调试使用，如果服务器是其他IP，需要进行配置，

②端口与服务器需要对应

import socket
import threading
import sys
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import QApplication, QMainWindow, QTextBrowser, QLineEdit, QVBoxLayout, QWidget, QPushButton, QInputDialog, QDesktopWidget
from PyQt5.QtCore import Qt

class ChatClient(QMainWindow):
    def __init__(self):
        super().__init__()
        self.username = None  # 初始化用户名为None
        self.init_ui()

    def init_ui(self):
        self.chat_window = QTextBrowser()
        self.input_field = QLineEdit()
        self.send_button = QPushButton("Send")
        self.send_button.clicked.connect(self.send_message)

        self.exit_button = QPushButton("Exit")
        self.exit_button.clicked.connect(self.exit)

        layout = QVBoxLayout()
        layout.addWidget(self.chat_window)
        layout.addWidget(self.input_field)
        layout.addWidget(self.send_button)
        layout.addWidget(self.exit_button)

        central_widget = QWidget()
        central_widget.setLayout(layout)
        self.setCentralWidget(central_widget)

        self.setWindowTitle("Chat Client")
        self.setGeometry(0, 0, 400, 400)  # 初始位置和大小设置为0, 0, 400, 400

        self.center_window()  # 调用居中方法

        self.client_socket = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
        self.client_socket.connect(("localhost", 9999))  

        self.receive_thread = threading.Thread(target=self.receive_messages)
        self.receive_thread.start()

        # 监听回车键事件
        self.input_field.returnPressed.connect(self.send_message)

        # 弹出对话框设置用户名
        self.set_username()

    def center_window(self):
        # 获取屏幕尺寸
        screen_geometry = QDesktopWidget().screenGeometry()
        window_geometry = self.geometry()
        # 计算居中位置
        x = (screen_geometry.width() - window_geometry.width()) // 2
        y = (screen_geometry.height() - window_geometry.height()) // 2
        self.move(x, y)  # 将窗口移动到居中位置

    def set_username(self):
        self.username, ok = self.get_text_input("Set Username", "Enter your username:")
        if not ok:
            self.close()
        else:
            self.setWindowTitle(f"Chat Client - {self.username}")

    def get_text_input(self, title, prompt):
        text, ok = QInputDialog.getText(self, title, prompt)
        return (text.strip(), ok)

    def receive_messages(self):
        while True:
            try:
                message = self.client_socket.recv(1024).decode("utf-8")
                if message == "exit":
                    break
                self.chat_window.append(message)
            except:
                break

    def send_message(self):
        message = self.input_field.text()
        if message:
            full_message = f"{self.username}: {message}"
            self.client_socket.send(full_message.encode("utf-8"))
            self.input_field.clear()

    def exit(self):
        self.client_socket.send("exit".encode("utf-8"))
        self.client_socket.close()
        sys.exit()

if __name__ == "__main__":
    app = QApplication(sys.argv)
    client = ChatClient()
    client.show()
    sys.exit(app.exec_())