第03讲：MinIO分布式文件服务器

一、什么是MinIO

Minio 是个基于 Golang 编写的开源对象存储套件，虽然轻量，却拥有着不错的性能。

• 官网地址：MinIO | High Performance, Kubernetes Native Object Storageopen in new window
• 官网文档地址：MinIO | The MinIO Quickstart Guideopen in new window
• 官网文档（ 中文 ）地址：官网中文网址open in new window 中文文档对应的是上个版本，新版本中有些内容已发生了变化，所以最好是看英文文档。
• JAVA SDK API：minio java sdk api 文档

何为对象存储？

对象存储服务（ Object Storage Service，OSS ）是一种海量、安全、低成本、高可靠的云存储服务，适合存放任意类型的文件。容量和处理能力弹性扩展，多种存储类型供选择，全面优化存储成本。

对于中小型企业，如果不选择存储上云，那么 Minio 是个不错的选择，麻雀虽小，五脏俱全

二、CentOS7下安装MinIO

2.1、下载MinIO

在usr/local下创建minio文件夹，并在minio文件里面创建bin和data目录，把下载好的minio文件拷贝到bin目录里面

创建目录，命令：

mkdir /usr/local/minio && cd /usr/local/minio && mkdir bin data

效果：

下载MinIO，命令：

wget https://dl.min.io/server/minio/release/linux-amd64/minio bin
mv minio bin/

效果：

2.2、运行MinIO

赋予可执行的权限，命令：

chmod +x bin/minio

运行MinIO，命令：

./bin/minio server ./data

2.3、将 minio 添加成 Linux 的服务

cat > /etc/systemd/system/minio.service << EOF [Unit] Description=Minio Wants=network-online.target After=network-online.target AssertFileIsExecutable=/usr/local/minio/bin/minio [Service] WorkingDirectory=/usr/local/minio/ PermissionsStartOnly=true ExecStart=/usr/local/minio/bin/minio server /usr/local/minio/data ExecReload=/bin/kill -s HUP $MAINPID ExecStop=/bin/kill -s QUIT $MAINPID PrivateTmp=true [Install] WantedBy=multi-user.target EOF

这样就可以使用 systemctl 启停 minio，命令：

systemctl start minio   # 启动
systemctl stop minio    # 停止

运行效果：

2.4、测试

MinIO Server 成功启动后访问 http://10.211.55.9:9000，你会看到类似如下界面：

Ps：要关闭防火墙或开放9000端口

systemctl stop firewalld

输入用户名/密码 minioadmin/minioadmin 可以进入 web 管理系统：

刚打开的时候，是没有bucket桶，可以手动或者通过java代码来创建一个桶。

创建的桶默认的权限时private私有的，外部不能访问，你可以修改桶的属性，点击manage，找到Access Policy，修改权限为public即可。

三、SpringBoot整合MinIO

第1步：pom.xml中添加依赖

<dependency>
     <groupId>com.squareup.okhttp3</groupId>
     <artifactId>okhttp</artifactId>
     <version>4.8.1</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>io.minio</groupId>
    <artifactId>minio</artifactId>
    <version>8.3.9</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
    <artifactId>fastjson</artifactId>
    <version>1.2.70</version>
</dependency>
        

第2步：application.yml

server:
  port: 8070
spring:
  servlet:
    multipart:
      max-file-size: 200MB  #设置单个文件的大小 因为springboot内置tomact的的文件传输默认为10MB
      max-request-size: 500MB   #设置单次请求的文件总大小
      enabled: true    #千万注意要设置该参数，否则不生效
# minio 文件存储配置信息
minio:
  endpoint: http://10.211.55.9:9000
  accesskey: minioadmin
  secretKey: minioadmin

第3步：minio配置类和配置属性

配置属性MinioProp.java

package demo.config;

import lombok.Data;
import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.ConfigurationProperties;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

@Data
@Component
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "minio")
public class MinioProp {
    
    private String endpoint;
    private String accesskey;
    private String secretKey;
}

配置类MinioConfig.java

package demo.config;

import io.minio.MinioClient;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.EnableConfigurationProperties;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;

@Configuration
@EnableConfigurationProperties(MinioProp.class)
public class MinioConfig {
    
    @Autowired
    private MinioProp minioProp;
    @Bean
    public MinioClient minioClient() throws Exception {
    
        return MinioClient.builder().endpoint(minioProp.getEndpoint())
                .credentials(minioProp.getAccesskey(), minioProp.getSecretKey()).build();
    }
}

第4步：文件上传工具类

package demo.utils;

import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSONObject;
import demo.config.MinioProp;
import io.minio.BucketExistsArgs;
import io.minio.MakeBucketArgs;
import io.minio.MinioClient;
import io.minio.PutObjectArgs;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import org.springframework.web.multipart.MultipartFile;

import java.io.InputStream;

@Slf4j
@Component
public class MinioUtils {
    

    @Autowired
    private MinioClient client;
    @Autowired
    private MinioProp minioProp;

    /** * 创建bucket */
    public void createBucket(String bucketName) {
    
        BucketExistsArgs bucketExistsArgs = BucketExistsArgs.builder().bucket(bucketName).build();
        MakeBucketArgs makeBucketArgs = MakeBucketArgs.builder().bucket(bucketName).build();
        try {
    
            if (client.bucketExists(bucketExistsArgs))
                return;
            client.makeBucket(makeBucketArgs);
        } catch (Exception e) {
    
            log.error("创建桶失败：{}", e.getMessage());
            throw new RuntimeException(e);
        }
    }

    /** * @param file 文件 * @param bucketName 存储桶 * @return */
    public JSONObject uploadFile(MultipartFile file, String bucketName) throws Exception {
    
        JSONObject res = new JSONObject();
        res.put("code", 0);
        // 判断上传文件是否为空
        if (null == file || 0 == file.getSize()) {
    
            res.put("msg", "上传文件不能为空");
            return res;
        }
        // 判断存储桶是否存在
        createBucket(bucketName);
        // 文件名
        String originalFilename = file.getOriginalFilename();
        // 新的文件名 = 存储桶名称_时间戳.后缀名
        String fileName = bucketName + "_" + System.currentTimeMillis() + originalFilename.substring(originalFilename.lastIndexOf("."));
        // 开始上传
        InputStream inputStream = file.getInputStream();
        PutObjectArgs args = PutObjectArgs.builder().bucket(bucketName).object(fileName)
                .stream(inputStream,inputStream.available(),-1).build();
        client.putObject(args);
        res.put("code", 1);
        res.put("msg", minioProp.getEndpoint() + "/" + bucketName + "/" + fileName);
        return res;
    }
}

第5步：测试Controller

package demo.controller;

import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSONObject;
import demo.utils.MinioUtils;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PostMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import org.springframework.web.multipart.MultipartFile;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;

@RestController
public class TestController {
    
    @Autowired
    private MinioUtils minioUtils;

    @PostMapping("/uploadimg")
    @ResponseBody
    public String uploadimg(@RequestParam(name = "file", required = false) MultipartFile file,
                            HttpServletRequest request) {
    
        JSONObject res = null;
        try {
    
            res = minioUtils.uploadFile(file, "qin");
        } catch (Exception e) {
    
            e.printStackTrace();
            res.put("code", 0);
            res.put("msg", "上传失败");
        }
        return res.toJSONString();
    }
}

第6步：前端页面upload.html

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>Title</title>
    <script src="assets/vue.min-v2.5.16.js"></script>
    <script src="assets/axios.min.js"></script>
</head>
<body>
<div id="app">
    <input type="file" @change="Upload" />
</div>
<script> new Vue({
       el: '#app', data: {
       }, methods: {
       Upload(event){
       const flie = event.target.files[0]; // 在这里进行一系列的校验 const formData = new FormData(); formData.append("file",flie); axios.post('http://localhost:8070/uploadimg',formData,{
       'Content-type' : 'multipart/form-data' }).then(res=>{
       console.log(res.data); },err=>{
       console.log(err) }) } } }); </script>
</body>
</html>

运行效果：

浏览器访问upload.html，选择文件上传

访问console响应的url，发现文件已经成功上传

<body>
    <img src="http://10.211.55.9:9000/qin/qin_1680766685084.jpg" style="width: 500px;" >
</body>

四、附录

4.1、JavaSDK

@SpringBootTest
class DemoApplicationTests {
    
    @Test
    public void demo() throws Exception {
    

        // 使用 MinIO 服务的 URL 和端口，Access key 和 Secret key 创建一个 MinioClient 对象。
        MinioClient minioClient = MinioClient.builder()
                .endpoint("http://127.0.0.1:9000")
                .credentials("minioadmin", "minioadmin")
                .build();

        // 检查存储桶是否已经存在
        boolean isExist = minioClient.bucketExists(BucketExistsArgs.builder().bucket("kongming").build());
        if (isExist) {
    
            System.out.println("Bucket already exists.");
        } else {
    
            // 创建一个名为 asiatrip 的存储桶，用于存储文件。
            minioClient.makeBucket(MakeBucketArgs.builder().bucket("kongming").build());
        }

        // 使用 putObject 上传一个文件到存储桶中。
        File file = new File("e:/BluceLee/1.jpg");
        InputStream inputStream = new FileInputStream(file);

        PutObjectArgs args = PutObjectArgs.builder()
                .bucket("kongming")
                .object("xiaolong.jpg")
                .contentType("image/jpg")
                .stream(inputStream, inputStream.available(), -1)
                .build();

        minioClient.putObject(args);
        System.out.println(" successfully uploaded as xiaolong.png to `kongming` bucket.");
	}
}

4.2、完整工具类

package com.woniu.util;

import io.minio.*;
import io.minio.errors.*;
import io.minio.http.Method;
import io.minio.messages.*;
// import net.minidev.json.JSONObject;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.web.multipart.MultipartFile;

import java.io.*;
import java.security.InvalidKeyException;
import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;

public class MinioUtils1 {
    

    private static final Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(MinioUtils1.class);

    private final String endpoint;
    private final String accessKey;
    private final String secretKey;

    private MinioClient minioClient;

    public MinioUtils1(String endpoint, String accessKey, String secretKey) {
    
        this.endpoint = endpoint;
        this.accessKey = accessKey;
        this.secretKey = secretKey;
        this.minioClient = MinioClient.builder().endpoint(endpoint).credentials(accessKey, secretKey).build();
    }

/* @PostConstruct private MinioClient client() { } */

    public boolean doesBucketExists(String bucketName) {
    
        BucketExistsArgs args = BucketExistsArgs.builder()
                .bucket(bucketName)
                .build();
        try {
    
            return minioClient.bucketExists(args);
        } catch (ErrorResponseException | InsufficientDataException | InternalException | InvalidKeyException | InvalidResponseException | IOException | NoSuchAlgorithmException | ServerException | XmlParserException e) {
    
            throw new RuntimeException(e);
        }
    }


    /** * 创建 bucket * * @param bucketName 桶名 */
    public void createBucket(String bucketName) {
    
        BucketExistsArgs bucketExistsArgs = BucketExistsArgs.builder().bucket(bucketName).build();
        MakeBucketArgs makeBucketArgs = MakeBucketArgs.builder().bucket(bucketName).build();

        try {
    
            if (minioClient.bucketExists(bucketExistsArgs))
                return;

            minioClient.makeBucket(makeBucketArgs);
        } catch (Exception e) {
    
            log.error("创建桶失败：{}", e.getMessage());
            throw new RuntimeException(e);
        }
    }


    /** * 判断文件是否存在 * * @param bucketName 存储桶 * @param objectName 对象 * @return true：存在 */
    public boolean doesObjectExist(String bucketName, String objectName) {
    
        StatObjectArgs args = StatObjectArgs.builder().bucket(bucketName).object(objectName).build();
        try {
    
            minioClient.statObject(args);
        } catch (Exception e) {
    
            return false;
        }
        return true;
    }


    /** * 判断文件夹是否存在 * * @param bucketName 存储桶 * @param objectName 文件夹名称（去掉/） * @return true：存在 */
    public boolean doesFolderExist(String bucketName, String objectName) {
    
        ListObjectsArgs args = ListObjectsArgs.builder()
                .bucket(bucketName)
                .prefix(objectName)
                .recursive(false)
                .build();
        boolean exist = false;
        try {
    
            Iterable<Result<Item>> results = minioClient.listObjects(args);
            for (Result<Item> result : results) {
    
                Item item = result.get();
                if (!item.isDir())
                    continue;

                if (objectName.equals(item.objectName())) {
    
                    exist = true;
                }
            }
        } catch (Exception e) {
    
            exist = false;
        }
        return exist;
    }


    /** * 通过 MultipartFile ，上传文件 * * @param bucketName 存储桶 * @param file 文件 * @param objectName 对象名 */
    public ObjectWriteResponse putObject(String bucketName, MultipartFile file, String objectName, String contentType) {
    
        try {
    
            InputStream inputStream = file.getInputStream();
            PutObjectArgs args = PutObjectArgs.builder()
                    .bucket(bucketName)
                    .object(objectName)
                    .contentType(contentType)
                    .stream(inputStream, inputStream.available(), -1)
                    .build();
            return minioClient.putObject(args);
        } catch (ErrorResponseException | InsufficientDataException | InternalException | InvalidKeyException | InvalidResponseException | IOException | NoSuchAlgorithmException | ServerException | XmlParserException e) {
    
            throw new RuntimeException(e);
        }
    }

    /** * 上传本地文件 * * @param bucketName 存储桶 * @param objectName 对象名称 * @param fileName 本地文件路径 */
    public ObjectWriteResponse putObject(String bucketName, String objectName, String fileName) {
    
        try {
    
            UploadObjectArgs args = UploadObjectArgs.builder()
                    .bucket(bucketName)
                    .object(objectName)
                    .filename(fileName)
                    .build();
            return minioClient.uploadObject(args);
        } catch (ErrorResponseException | InsufficientDataException | InternalException | InvalidKeyException | InvalidResponseException | IOException | NoSuchAlgorithmException | ServerException | XmlParserException e) {
    
            throw new RuntimeException(e);
        }
    }

    /** * 通过流上传文件 * * @param bucketName 存储桶 * @param objectName 文件对象 * @param inputStream 文件流 */
    public ObjectWriteResponse putObjectByStream(String bucketName, String objectName, InputStream inputStream) {
    
        try {
    
            PutObjectArgs args = PutObjectArgs.builder()
                    .bucket(bucketName)
                    .object(objectName)
                    .stream(inputStream, inputStream.available(), -1)
                    .build();
            return minioClient.putObject(args);
        } catch (ErrorResponseException | InsufficientDataException | InternalException | InvalidKeyException | InvalidResponseException | IOException | NoSuchAlgorithmException | ServerException | XmlParserException e) {
    
            throw new RuntimeException(e);
        }
    }

    /** * 创建文件夹或目录 * * @param bucketName 存储桶 * @param objectName 目录路径 */
    public ObjectWriteResponse putDirObject(String bucketName, String objectName) {
    
        PutObjectArgs args = PutObjectArgs.builder()
                .bucket(bucketName)
                .object(objectName)
                .stream(new ByteArrayInputStream(new byte[]{
    }), 0, -1)
                .build();
        try {
    
            return minioClient.putObject(args);
        } catch (ErrorResponseException | InsufficientDataException | InternalException | InvalidKeyException | InvalidResponseException | IOException | NoSuchAlgorithmException | ServerException | XmlParserException e) {
    
            throw new RuntimeException(e);
        }
    }

    /** * 获取全部 bucket */
    public List<Bucket> getAllBuckets() throws Exception {
    
        return minioClient.listBuckets();
    }

    /** * 根据 bucketName 删除信息 * * @param bucketName 桶名 */
    public void removeBucket(String bucketName) {
    
        try {
    
            minioClient.removeBucket(RemoveBucketArgs.builder().bucket(bucketName).build());
        } catch (ErrorResponseException | InsufficientDataException | InternalException | InvalidKeyException | InvalidResponseException | IOException | NoSuchAlgorithmException | ServerException | XmlParserException e) {
    
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    /** * 获取⽂件外链 * * @param bucketName bucket名称 * @param objectName ⽂件名称 * @param expires 过期时间 <=7 */
    public String getObjectUrl(String bucketName, String objectName, Integer expires) {
    
        GetPresignedObjectUrlArgs args = GetPresignedObjectUrlArgs.builder()
                .method(Method.GET)
                .bucket(bucketName)
                .object(objectName)
                .expiry(expires)    // 单位：秒
                .build();

        try {
    
            return minioClient.getPresignedObjectUrl(args);
        } catch (ErrorResponseException | InsufficientDataException | InternalException | InvalidResponseException | InvalidKeyException | NoSuchAlgorithmException | IOException | XmlParserException | ServerException e) {
    
            throw new RuntimeException(e);
        }
    }

    /** * 获取⽂件外链 * * @param bucketName bucket名称 * @param objectName ⽂件名称 * @param duration 过期时间 * @param unit 过期时间的单位 */
    public String getObjectUrl(String bucketName, String objectName, int duration, TimeUnit unit) {
    
        GetPresignedObjectUrlArgs args = GetPresignedObjectUrlArgs.builder()
                .method(Method.GET)
                .bucket(bucketName)
                .object(objectName)
                .expiry(duration, unit)
                .build();

        try {
    
            return minioClient.getPresignedObjectUrl(args);
        } catch (ErrorResponseException | InsufficientDataException | InternalException | InvalidResponseException | InvalidKeyException | NoSuchAlgorithmException | IOException | XmlParserException | ServerException e) {
    
            throw new RuntimeException(e);
        }
    }

    /** * 获取文件 * * @param bucketName bucket名称 * @param objectName ⽂件名称 * @return ⼆进制流 */
    public InputStream getObject(String bucketName, String objectName) throws Exception {
    
        GetObjectArgs args = GetObjectArgs.builder()
                .bucket(bucketName)
                .object(objectName)
                .build();
        return minioClient.getObject(args);
    }

    /** * 上传文件 * * @param bucketName bucket名称 * @param objectName ⽂件名称 * @param stream ⽂件流 * @throws Exception https://docs.minio.io/cn/java-client-api-reference.html#putObject */
    public void putObject(String bucketName, String objectName, InputStream stream) {
    
        putObjectByStream(bucketName, objectName, stream);
    }

    /** * 文件流上传文件 * * @param bucketName bucket名称 * @param objectName ⽂件名称 * @param stream ⽂件流 * @param size ⼤⼩ * @param contextType 类型 */
    public void putObject(String bucketName, String objectName, InputStream stream, long size, String contextType) {
    
        putObjectByStream(bucketName, objectName, stream);
    }

    /** * 获取文件信息 * * @param bucketName bucket名称 * @param objectName ⽂件名称 * @throws Exception https://docs.minio.io/cn/java-client-api-reference.html#statObject */
    public StatObjectResponse getObjectInfo(String bucketName, String objectName) {
    
        StatObjectArgs args = StatObjectArgs.builder()
                .bucket(bucketName)
                .object(objectName)
                .build();
        try {
    
            return minioClient.statObject(args);
        } catch (ErrorResponseException | InsufficientDataException | InternalException | InvalidKeyException | InvalidResponseException | IOException | NoSuchAlgorithmException | ServerException | XmlParserException e) {
    
            throw new RuntimeException(e);
        }
    }

    /** * 删除文件 * * @param bucketName bucket名称 * @param objectName ⽂件名称 * @throws Exception https://docs.minio.io/cn/java-client-apireference.html#removeObject */
    public void removeObject(String bucketName, String objectName) {
    
        RemoveObjectArgs args = RemoveObjectArgs.builder()
                .bucket(bucketName)
                .object(objectName)
                .build();
        try {
    
            minioClient.removeObject(args);
        } catch (ErrorResponseException | InsufficientDataException | InternalException | InvalidKeyException | InvalidResponseException | IOException | NoSuchAlgorithmException | ServerException | XmlParserException e) {
    
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}